بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَاكَ سَبْعًا مِّنَ الْمَثَانِي وَالْقُرْآنَ الْعَظِيمَ
And indeed, We have bestowed upon you seven of Al-Mathâni (seven repeatedly recited Verses), (i.e. Sûrat Al-Fâtihah) and the Grand Qur'ân. [Soorah al-Hijr , Chapter 15: 87]
1. Most Superior Surah in Qur'an ( أَعْظَمَ سُورَةٍ فِي الْقُرْآنِ)
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي خُبَيْبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُعَلَّى، قَالَ كُنْتُ أُصَلِّي فَدَعَانِي النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَلَمْ أُجِبْهُ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أُصَلِّي. قَالَ " أَلَمْ يَقُلِ اللَّهُ
Abu Saeed Rafi bin al-Mu'alla said: "Allah's Messenger (SAW) said, 'Shall I not teach you the most superior surah in the Qur'ân before you leave the mosque?' He took me by the hand. When we were about to leave, I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, you said you would teach me the most superior surah in the Qur'ân.
The Prophet (saw) said, '"Praise to Allah, Lord of the worlds" [i.e., Surah al-Fatiah]; it is the seven repeatedly recited verses and the magnificent Quran which was given to me.' " (Sahih al-Bukhari 5006)
2.
حَدَّثَنَا حَسَنُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ، وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ جَوَّاسٍ الْحَنَفِيُّ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الأَحْوَصِ، عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ رُزَيْقٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عِيسَى، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ بَيْنَمَا جِبْرِيلُ قَاعِدٌ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم سَمِعَ نَقِيضًا مِنْ فَوْقِهِ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَالَ هَذَا بَابٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فُتِحَ الْيَوْمَ لَمْ يُفْتَحْ قَطُّ إِلاَّ الْيَوْمَ فَنَزَلَ مِنْهُ مَلَكٌ فَقَالَ هَذَا مَلَكٌ نَزَلَ إِلَى الأَرْضِ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ قَطُّ إِلاَّ الْيَوْمَ فَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ أَبْشِرْ بِنُورَيْنِ أُوتِيتَهُمَا لَمْ يُؤْتَهُمَا نَبِيٌّ قَبْلَكَ فَاتِحَةُ الْكِتَابِ وَخَوَاتِيمُ سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ لَنْ تَقْرَأَ بِحَرْفٍ مِنْهُمَا إِلاَّ أُعْطِيتَهُ .
Ibn Abbas(RA) narrated: "While Gabriel was sitting with the Prophet (Saw), he heard a creaking sound above him, and raising his head he said, 'This is a gate opened in Heaven today which has never been opened before.' Then when an angel descended through it, he said, 'This is an angel that came down to earth who has never come down before.' He gave a salutation and said, 'Rejoice in two lights brought to you which have not been brought to any prophet before you: Fatiúat al-Kitab and the
last verses of Surah al-Baqarah. You will not recite a letter of them without being given the blessing it contains.' " (Sahih Muslim 806)
3.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَرَجَ عَلَى أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا أُبَيُّ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي فَالْتَفَتَ أُبَيٌّ وَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ وَصَلَّى أُبَيٌّ فَخَفَّفَ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَعَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ مَا مَنَعَكَ يَا أُبَيُّ أَنْ تُجِيبَنِي إِذْ دَعَوْتُكَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي
كُنْتُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ أَفَلَمْ تَجِدْ فِيمَا أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيَّ أَنْ
Sayyidina Abu Huraira (RA) reported that Allah’s Messenger (SAW) went to Ubayy ibn Ka’b. He called out. “O Ubbay!” He was engaged in salah and turned but did not answer. He shortened his salah and then went to Allahs Messenger (SAW) and said, “As-salammu alikum, O Messenger of Allah (SAW)”! He said, “Wa alika salaam! What prevented you, O Ubayy, from answering me when I called you”? He said, “O Messenger of Allah (SAW) , I was engaged in salah.” He said, “Have you not observed that which Allah has revealed to me: “Respond to Allah and to His Messenger (SAW) when he (the Messenger) calls you.” (Al-Quran 8:24). He said, “Yes indeed. I will not do it again, Insha Allah.” He asked, “Would you love that I teach you a surah that has not been revealed in the Torah, not in the Injil, not in the Zabur and not in the Qur’an, the like of it.” He answered, “Yes, O Messenger of Allah (SAW). So, he asked, “How do you
recite in salah”? He said, “We recite the ummul Qar’an.” So, Allah’s Messeneger said, “By Him in Whose hand is my soul, nothing has been revealed like it in the Turah, the Injil, the Zabur and the Qur’an. It is the sab’am minal mathani and the mighty Qur’an that is given to me.”
Tirmidhi: 2884
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Command to recite Fatihah in Salah
عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا صَلَاةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْرَأْ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ
4. Ubadah ibn Samit (RA) narrated that the Prophet (SAW) said, "He who does not recite Fatihatul Kitab has not observed salah."
[Bukhari:756, Muslim:394, Tirmidhi:247, Abu Dawud:822, Nisai:909, Ibn Majah: 837]
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حَدَّثَنَا
هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ
إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ، عَنْ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ، عَنْ
عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ، قَالَ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه
وسلم الصُّبْحَ فَثَقُلَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْقِرَاءَةُ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قَالَ
" إِنِّي أَرَاكُمْ تَقْرَءُونَ وَرَاءَ إِمَامِكُمْ " . قَالَ
قُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِي وَاللَّهِ . قَالَ " فَلاَ تَفْعَلُوا
إِلاَّ بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ فَإِنَّهُ لاَ صَلاَةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْرَأْ
بِهَا " . قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَعَائِشَةَ
وَأَنَسٍ وَأَبِي قَتَادَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو . قَالَ أَبُو
عِيسَى حَدِيثُ عُبَادَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ . وَرَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ
الزُّهْرِيُّ عَنْ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ
الصَّامِتِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " لاَ صَلاَةَ
لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْرَأْ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ " . قَالَ وَهَذَا
أَصَحُّ . وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ خَلْفَ
الإِمَامِ عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى
الله عليه وسلم وَالتَّابِعِينَ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ
وَابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ يَرَوْنَ
الْقِرَاءَةَ خَلْفَ الإِمَامِ .
Sayyidina Ubadah ibn Samit (RA) reported that once while Allah’s Mesenge (SAW) led the fajr salah, the recitation of the Qur'an became difficult for him. When he finished, he said, "Perhaps you recite behind your imam." They replied, "By Allah, yes, 0 Messenger of Allah!" He said, "Do not do it. Recite only the umm ut-Qur'an (surah al-Fa'tihah), for, one who does not recite it has not offered salah." Tirmidhi:311 [Sahih]
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Recite it silently behind Imam (فَاقْرَأْهَا فِي نَفْسِكَ)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ صَلَّى صَلَاةً لَمْ يَقْرَأْ فِيهَا بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ فَهِيَ خِدَاجٌ هِيَ خِدَاجٌ غَيْرُ تَمَامٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ إِنِّي أَحْيَانًا أَكُونُ وَرَاءَ الْإِمَامِ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ الْفَارِسِيِّ فَاقْرَأْهَا فِي نَفْسِكَ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى قَسَمْتُ الصَّلَاةَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِي نِصْفَيْنِ فَنِصْفُهَا لِي وَنِصْفُهَا لِعَبْدِي وَلِعَبْدِي مَا سَأَلَ يَقْرَأُ الْعَبْدُ فَيَقُولُ
6. Sayyidina Abu Huraira (RA) reported that Allah’s Messenger (SAW) said, “He who prays salah but does not recite the umm ul-Qur’an in it must know that it is incomplete, it is incomplete, not perfect.” The narrator asked, “O Abu Huraira (RA) , I am sometimes behind the imam.” He said son of Farisi, recite it in your heart for, I had heard Allah’s Messenger (SAW) say that Allah says, “I have divided salah between Me and My slave half and half. So half of it is for Me and half of it for My slave. And for My slave is what he asks. “The slave stands up and says “Praise be to Allah, the Cherisher and Sustainer of the worlds”, so Allah the Blessed and Exalted says, “My slave has praised Me.” He says “Most Gracious, Most Merciful”. Allah says, “My slave has glorified Me.” He says “Master of the Day of Judgment”, so Allah says. “My slave has exalted Me.” And this is for Me and between Me and My slave is “hee do we worship, and Thine aid we seek”. And the remaining surah is for My slave. For My slave is what he asks, saying:“Show us the straight way, The way of those on whom Thou hast bestowed Thy Grace, those whose (portion) is not wrath, and who go not astray.”
[Tirmidhi: 2962,Ahmed: 8839,Muslim:395,Abu Dawud: 821, Ibn Majah:838]
As a cure
7. Reciting al-Fatihah seven times for scorpion sting(poison)
بَعَثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي سَرِيَّةٍ فَنَزَلْنَا بِقَوْمٍ فَسَأَلْنَاهُمْ الْقِرَى فَلَمْ يَقْرُونَا فَلُدِغَ سَيِّدُهُمْ فَأَتَوْنَا فَقَالُوا هَلْ فِيكُمْ مَنْ يَرْقِي مِنْ الْعَقْرَبِ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ أَنَا وَلَكِنْ لَا أَرْقِيهِ حَتَّى تُعْطُونَا غَنَمًا قَالَ فَأَنَا أُعْطِيكُمْ ثَلَاثِينَ شَاةً فَقَبِلْنَا فَقَرَأْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ فَبَرَأَ وَقَبَضْنَا الْغَنَمَ قَالَ فَعَرَضَ فِي أَنْفُسِنَا مِنْهَا شَيْءٌ فَقُلْنَا لَا تَعْجَلُوا حَتَّى تَأْتُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا عَلَيْهِ ذَكَرْتُ لَهُ الَّذِي صَنَعْتُ قَالَ وَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهَا رُقْيَةٌ اقْبِضُوا الْغَنَمَ وَاضْرِبُوا لِي مَعَكُمْ بِسَهْمٍ
Sayyidina Abu Saeed (RA) narrated Allah’s Messenger sent us on an expedition. We halted at a place and requested its people for their hospitality, but they declined to host us. Meanwhile, a scorpion stung their chief, so they came to us and asked if we had anyone who would cure him through ruqyah. I said, “Yes, I will. But, I will not blow on him until you give us sheep.” They said, “We will give you thirty sheep.” We agreed, I recited al-Fatihah over him seven times and he was relieved (of poison), and we took the sheep. Then we had doubt about it and we said, “Do not make haste till we come to Allah’s Messenger (SAW). When we came to him, I mentioned to him what I had done. He asked, “How did you know that it (al-Fatihah) is a ruqyah. Take the sheep and count me with you for my share.” [Bukhari 5749, Tirmidhi:2070]
Al-Fatihah is a cure for illness
أَنَّ نَاسًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَرُّوا بِحَيٍّ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ فَلَمْ يَقْرُوهُمْ وَلَمْ يُضَيِّفُوهُمْ فَاشْتَكَى سَيِّدُهُمْ فَأَتَوْنَا فَقَالُوا هَلْ عِنْدَكُمْ دَوَاءٌ قُلْنَا نَعَمْ وَلَكِنْ لَمْ تَقْرُونَا وَلَمْ تُضَيِّفُونَا فَلَا نَفْعَلُ حَتَّى تَجْعَلُوا لَنَا جُعْلًا فَجَعَلُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَطِيعًا مِنْ الْغَنَمِ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنَّا يَقْرَأُ عَلَيْهِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ فَبَرَأَ فَلَمَّا أَتَيْنَا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَكَرْنَا ذَلِكَ لَهُ قَالَ وَمَا
يُدْرِيكَ أَنَّهَا رُقْيَةٌ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ نَهْيًا مِنْهُ وَقَالَ كُلُوا وَاضْرِبُوا لِي مَعَكُمْ بِسَهْمٍ
8. Sayyidina Abu Sa’eed (RA) reported that a group of the sahabah (RA) passed by a village of Arabs. They did not entertain and host them. Their chief fell ill and they came to the sahabah asking them if they had medicine. They affirmed, “Yes, we have, but you neither entertained us nor hosted us, so will not treat him unless you determine our wages.” So they fixed their wages at a herd of sheep. So, one of them recited over him al-Fatihah and he was cured. When they came to the Prophet (SAW) they mentioned that to him.
He said, “And what told you that it is ruqyah.” He did not disallow them that but said, “Eat and determine for me a share with you.” [Bukhari 2276, Muslim 2201,Tirmidhi:2071]
