Zakaah on jewellery that has been prepared for use

Bismillah


 وَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي ذَلِكَ فَرَأَى بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَالتَّابِعِينَ فِي الْحُلِيِّ زَكَاةَ مَا كَانَ مِنْهُ ذَهَبٌ وَفِضَّةٌ ‏.‏ وَبِهِ يَقُولُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنْهُمُ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَعَائِشَةُ وَجَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ لَيْسَ فِي الْحُلِيِّ زَكَاةٌ ‏.‏ وَهَكَذَا رُوِيَ عَنْ بَعْضِ فُقَهَاءِ التَّابِعِينَ وَبِهِ يَقُولُ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ ‏.‏
وَلاَ يَصِحُّ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم شَيْءٌ
Imam TIrmidhi (Rah) says "The people of knowledge differed regarding whether Zakath needs to be paid for jewelry that is worn. Some of group of companions and Ta'ba'een have said "zakath needs to be paid on gold and silver jewelry that is worn.  Sufyan as thowri and abdullah bin Mubarak are of this opinion.
Group of companions which include Ibn Umar (RA), Aayesha(RA), Jaabir Bin Abdhillah (RA), Anas Bin Malik (RA) have said that "Zakath is not due on Jewelry that is Worn". Similarly Fuqaha from Ta'ba'een and  Malik Ibn Anas (RAH) , Shafiyyu (RAH), Ahmad(RAH) and  Ishaaq (Rah) have also said that the Zakath is not due on Jewelry that is worn. None of the Hadiths from Prophet (sallalahu alaihiwasallam) in this regard are sahih. 

Jami` at-Tirmidhi 636 http://sunnah.com/tirmidhi/7/20  

https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi:637
 
Hadith that support that Zakath needs to be paid:

1.)

دَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ امْرَأَتَيْنِ، أَتَتَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَفِي أَيْدِيهِمَا سُوَارَانِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا ‏"‏ أَتُؤَدِّيَانِ زَكَاتَهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَتَا لاَ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ أَتُحِبَّانِ أَنْ يُسَوِّرَكُمَا اللَّهُ بِسُوَارَيْنِ مِنْ نَارٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَتَا لاَ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَأَدِّيَا زَكَاتَهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ قَدْ رَوَاهُ الْمُثَنَّى بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ نَحْوَ هَذَا ‏.‏ وَالْمُثَنَّى بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ وَابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ يُضَعَّفَانِ فِي الْحَدِيثِ وَلاَ يَصِحُّ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم شَيْءٌ ‏.‏

 Amr bin Shu'aib narrated from his father, from his grandfather, :
that two women came to the Messenger of Allah, and they each had a bracelet of gold on their forearms. So he said to them: "Have you paid their Zakat?" They said, "No." The Messenger of Allah said to them: "Would you like for Allah to fashion then into two bracelets of Fire?" They said, "No." He said: "Then pay its Zakat."
I Abu Eesa At-Tirmidhi say "This hadith is narrated by AlMuthanna Bin Assabbah from Amr bin Shu'aib. Like that this Hadith is reported by  Ibn Lahee'ah. Both of them are weak in Hadith narrations.  None of the Hadith from Prophet (saw) on this is Sahih.
 Jami` at-Tirmidhi 637
http://sunnah.com/tirmidhi/7/21

2.)
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كَامِلٍ، وَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ، - الْمَعْنَى - أَنَّ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ، حَدَّثَهُمْ حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنٌ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ امْرَأَةً، أَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَمَعَهَا ابْنَةٌ لَهَا وَفِي يَدِ ابْنَتِهَا مَسَكَتَانِ غَلِيظَتَانِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَقَالَ لَهَا ‏"‏ أَتُعْطِينَ زَكَاةَ هَذَا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ لاَ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ أَيَسُرُّكِ أَنْ يُسَوِّرَكِ اللَّهُ بِهِمَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ سِوَارَيْنِ مِنْ نَارٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَخَلَعَتْهُمَا فَأَلْقَتْهُمَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَقَالَتْ هُمَا لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَلِرَسُولِهِ ‏.‏

'Amr bin Shu'aib on his father's authority said that his grandfather reported:
A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and she was accompanied by her daughter who wore two heavy gold bangles in her hands. He said to her: Do you pay zakat on them? She said: No. He then said: Are you pleased that Allah may put two bangles of fire on your hands?
Thereupon she took them off and placed them before the Prophet (ﷺ) saying: They are for Allah and His Apostle.
Sunan Abi Dawud 1563
http://sunnah.com/abudawud/9/8 and http://library.islamweb.net/hadith/display_hbook.php?bk_no=319&hid=2444&pid=61154

This is the chain of Narration:
Abu Dawood->Abu Kamil and  Humayd Ibn Masadha-> Khalid Ibn Haarith -> Husayn -> Amr Ibn Shuyab-> His father  (shuyab)-> His  grandfather-> Prophet Saw

هو أبو عبد الله الحسين بن ذكوان ، العوذي ، البصري ، المؤدب . 
In this Hadith there is Husayn whose full name is Abu Abdhullah Husayn Ibn Dhakwaan of whom Uqaili has said if he is alone in narration then that Hadith shouldn't be taken and he is a weak narrator.
http://library.islamweb.net/newlibrary/display_book.php?ID=1078&bk_no=60&flag=1

Secondly, there is some ambiguity concerning the “grandfather” from whom ‘Amr ibn Shu’ayb transmits. It might either be his direct grandfather Muhammad, or his great-grandfather the Sahabi ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr.

3.)
 حدثنا محمد بن إدريس الرازي ثنا عمرو بن الربيع بن طارق ثنا يحيى بن أيوب عن عبيد الله بن أبي جعفر أن محمد بن عمرو بن عطاء أخبره عن عبد الله بن شداد بن الهاد أنه قال دخلنا على عائشة زوج النبي - فقالت دخل علي رسول الله - فرأى في يدي فتخات من ورق فقال ما هذا يا عائشة فقلت صنعتهن أتزين لك يا رسول الله قال أتؤدين زكاتهن قلت لا أو ما شاء الله قال هو حسبك من النار سنن أبي داود, والحاكم, والبيهقي, الدارقطني

Narrated ‘Abdallah bin Shaddad bin Al Had :
We entered upon A’ishah, wife of the Prophet (ﷺ). She said The Apostle of Allaah (ﷺ) entered upon me and saw two silver rings in my hand. He asked What is this, Aishah? I said I have made two ornaments myself for you, Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He asked Do you pay zakat on them? I said No or I said Whatever Allah willed. He said this is sufficient for you (to take you) to the Hell fire.
Sunan Abi Dawud 1565

It might be that this ring or ankle bracelets had reached the minimum amount liable for Zakaah or that 'Aa'ishah  may  Allaah  be  pleased  with  her had other jewellery which, if added to them, would have made them reach the minimum amount liable for Zakaah. As-San'aani  may  Allaah  have  mercy  upon  him said in his book Subul As-Salaam, that this narration means that it is not a requirement for adornments to reach the minimum amount liable for Zakaah.

This Hadith has Yahya Ibn Ayyub and Muhabband Bin Amr Bin Athaa  as narrators. Both of them have been criticized by Muhaddiths.

4. Narrated Umm Salamah, Ummul Mu'minin:
I used to wear gold ornaments. I asked: Is that a treasure (kanz), Messenger of Allah? He replied: whatever reaches a quantity on which zakat is payable is not a treasure (kanz) when the zakat is paid.
Sunan Abi Dawud 1564
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى، حَدَّثَنَا عَتَّابٌ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ بَشِيرٍ - عَنْ ثَابِتِ بْنِ عَجْلاَنَ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ، قَالَتْ كُنْتُ أَلْبَسُ أَوْضَاحًا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَكَنْزٌ هُوَ فَقَالَ ‏ "‏ مَا بَلَغَ أَنْ تُؤَدَّى زَكَاتُهُ فَزُكِّيَ فَلَيْسَ بِكَنْزٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

  حسن المرفوع منه فقط   (الألباني)

Hadith that says Zakath is not due:

1.

عن عافية بن أيوب عن الليث بن سعد عن أبي الزبير عن جابر عن النبي - قال ليس في الحلي زكاة. (رواه البيهقي في المعرفة, وإبن القيم الجوزي في التحقيق)

Narrator: Jabir (RA) , Prophet (saw) said there is No Zakath due on Jewellery that is worn

ref: Baihaqh, Tahqeeq

2.

حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ، زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَتْ تَلِي بَنَاتِ أَخِيهَا يَتَامَى فِي حَجْرِهَا لَهُنَّ الْحَلْىُ فَلاَ تُخْرِجُ مِنْ حُلِيِّهِنَّ الزَّكَاةَ .

Yahya related to me from Malik from Abd ar-Rahman ibn al-Qasim from his father that A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to look after the orphaned daughters of her brother in her house. They had jewellery (which they wore) and she did not take zakat from this jewellery of theirs.

Malik Muwatta 590

3.

وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ، كَانَ يُحَلِّي بَنَاتِهُ وَجَوَارِيَهُ الذَّهَبَ ثُمَّ لاَ يُخْرِجُ مِنْ حُلِيِّهِنَّ الزَّكَاةَ . قَالَ مَالِكٌ مَنْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ تِبْرٌ أَوْ حَلْىٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ أَوْ فِضَّةٍ لاَ يُنْتَفَعُ بِهِ لِلُبْسٍ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ الزَّكَاةَ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ يُوزَنُ فَيُؤْخَذُ رُبُعُ عُشْرِهِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَنْقُصَ مِنْ وَزْنِ عِشْرِينَ دِينَارًا عَيْنًا أَوْ مِائَتَىْ دِرْهَمٍ فَإِنْ نَقَصَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلَيْسَ فِيهِ زَكَاةٌ وَإِنَّمَا تَكُونُ فِيهِ الزَّكَاةُ إِذَا كَانَ إِنَّمَا يُمْسِكُهُ لِغَيْرِ اللُّبْسِ فَأَمَّا التِّبْرُ وَالْحُلِيُّ الْمَكْسُورُ الَّذِي يُرِيدُ أَهْلُهُ إِصْلاَحَهُ وَلُبْسَهُ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْمَتَاعِ الَّذِي يَكُونُ عِنْدَ أَهْلِهِ فَلَيْسَ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ فِيهِ زَكَاةٌ . قَالَ مَالِكٌ لَيْسَ فِي اللُّؤْلُؤِ وَلاَ فِي الْمِسْكِ وَلاَ الْعَنْبَرِ زَكَاةٌ .

Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar used to adorn his daughters and slave-girls with gold jewellery and he did not take any zakat from their jewellery.

Malik said, "Anyone who has unminted gold or silver, or gold and silver jewellery which is not used for wearing, must pay zakat on it every year. It is weighed and one-fortieth is taken, unless it falls short of twenty dinars of gold or two hundred dirhams of silver, in which case there is no zakat to pay. Zakat is paid only when jewellery is kept for purposes other than wearing. Bits of gold and silver or broken jewellery which the owner intends to mend to wear are in the same position as goods which are worn by their owner - no zakat has to be paid on them by the owner."

Malik said, "There is no zakat (to pay) on pearls, musk or amber."

http://sunnah.com/malik/17

Scholars Opinions:

Shaikh Abdul Aziz Al-Tarefe

Zakāt is not obligatory on the used gold of women (jewelry), even if it is a lot, as long as it is worn, even if on certain occasions only. This is according to the correct view, and is the view of most of the companions and majority of the scholars.
ذهب المرأة المستعمل (الحلي) لا تجب فيه زكاة ولو كان كثيراً إذا كان يُلبس ولو في المناسبات، على الصحيح وهو قول أكثر الصحابة وجمهور العلماء
https://www.facebook.com/abdulazizaltarefe/posts/977810558947764

Sheik Salman Oudha
All perfect praise be to Allah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, and that Muhammad sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) is His slave and Messenger.

The scholars of Islam differed in opinion concerning Zakaat on ornaments and jewels used by women.

According to the majority of the Muslim scholars, ornaments and jewels used by women are not subject to Zakaat as long as they are not intended for trading.

The other opinion states that such ornaments and jewels are subject to Zakaat as long as their value equals 85 grams of gold and one possessed them for one lunar year.

The opinion of the majority of the scholars –Allah knows best –is the more predominant one, since such wealth will not increase and it is intended for personal use.

Nonetheless, it is good if one pays Zakaat on one's jewelry. However, if a woman, as mentioned by an-Nawawi in al-Majmoo' and Ibn Qudaamah in al-Mughni, keeps such jewelry as a treasure or trade, then she has to pay Zakaat.

Ibn Qudaamah may Allaah have mercy upon him said: "There is no Zakaah for the jewelry of a woman if she wears it or loans it out; this is the dominant view of the (Hanbali) School. This is narrated from Ibn ‘Umar, Jaabir, Anas, ‘Aa’ishah and Asmaa’ may Allaah be pleased with them. This is also the view of Al-Qaasim, Ash-Sha‘bi, Qataadah, Muhammad ibn ‘Ali, ‘Amrah, Maalik, Ash-Shaafi‘i, Abu ‘Ubayd, Is-haaq and Abu Thawr. "

If you want to pay Zakaah for your jewelry in order to be on the safe side, then you may do so.
Allaah Knows best.
Source: http://www.islamweb.net/emainpage/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&Id=286222|

http://www.islamweb.net/emainpage/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&lang=E&Id=83665

Sheik Salih Munajid  http://islamqa.info/en/59866
Also: http://www.hizb-ut-tahrir.info/en/index.php/q-and-a/4451.html