Sleep according to Quran and Sunnah

بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

Purpose of Sleep

[78:9] And have made your sleep as a thing for rest.

[25:47] And it is He Who makes the night a covering for you, and the sleep (as) repose, and makes the day Nushur (i.e. getting up and going about here and there for daily work, etc. after one's sleep at night or like resurrection after one's death).

Sleep is a kind of Temporary Death

[39:42] It is Allah Who takes away the souls at the time of their death, and those that die not during their sleep. He keeps those (souls) for which He has ordained death and sends the rest for a term appointed. Verily, in this are signs for a people who think deeply.

[6:60] It is He, Who takes your souls by night (when you are asleep)

Sleeping Less at Night

[51:17] They used to sleep but little by night [invoking their Lord (Allah) and praying, with fear and hope].

Glorifying ALLAH azwajal when awaking

[52:48] Glorify the Praises of your Lord when you get up from sleep.

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) would take a nap at midday, so that this siesta would give him strength to pray qiyaam al-layl (voluntary prayers at night).

“قيلوا فإن الشياطين لا تقيل”
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) would say: “Take a nap at midday, for the Shaytaan does not take a nap at midday.” [Narrated by at-Tabaraani in al-Awsat, 28; classed as hasan by al-Albaani in as-Saheehah, 1647].

Salaf used to sleep forenoon and sometimes afternoon, they pray  Jumma earlier and sleep after Jumma
We used to offer the Jumua prayer with the Prophet (ﷺ) and then take the afternoon nap.
[Sahih al-Bukhari 940, 941, 5403]
Imam Bukhari [رحمه الله] in his Adab Al-Mufrad has a separate chapter on midday naps. (https://sunnah.com/adab/52)

 Narrated Thumama:Anas said, "Um Sulaim used to spread a leather sheet for the Prophet (ﷺ) and he used to take a midday nap on that leather sheet at her home." Anas added, "When the Prophet (ﷺ) had slept, she would take some of his sweat and hair and collect it (the sweat) in a bottle and then mix it with Suk (a kind of perfume) while he was still sleeping. "When the death of Anas bin Malik approached, he advised that some of that Suk be mixed with his Hanut (perfume for embalming the dead body), and it was mixed with his Hanut. [Sahih al-Bukhari 6281, 6283]

Benefit of Not sleeping after Fajr

Sakhr bin Wada'ah Al-Ghamidi (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "O Allah! Bless my people in the early part of the day (morning). Whenever he dispatched a detachment or an army-unit, he would dispatch it at the beginning of the day (soon after dawn). The narrator, Sakhr (May Allah be pleased with him) was a merchant, and he used to send off his merchandise at the beginning of the day. So his trade flourished and he made a good fortune.

[Riyad as-Salihin » The Book of Etiquette of Traveling: 957]

[At-Tirmidhi and Abu Dawud].

https://sunnah.com/riyadussaliheen/8/2, https://sunnah.com/urn/1265550

Is it not okay to sleep after Fajr?

If a person sleeps at this time to gain strength to do his work, there is nothing wrong with this, especially if it is not easy for him to sleep at any other time of the day.
Ibn Abi Shaybah reported in his Musannaf (5/223, no. 25454) from the hadeeth of Abu Yazeed al-Madeeni who said: “Umar came to Suhayb one morning and found him sleeping, so he sat down until he woke up. Suhayb said: ‘The Ameer al-Mu’mineen is sitting in his place and Suhayb is sleeping!’ ‘Umar said to him: ‘I did not like to disturb your sleep that could be beneficial for you.’”
https://islamqa.info/en/answers/2063/sleeping-after-fajr-and-asr

Sh. Ibn ‘Uthaymīn [رحمه الله] said; "Sleeping is a blessing from Allāh as it renews energy and cures tiredness."  [Tafsīr Juzz ‘Amma (p. 22) of Ibn ‘Uthaymīn]

Ibn al-Qayyim [رحمه الله] said: "Sleeping too much kills the heart, makes the body heavy and wastes time." [Madārij as-Sālikīn (v. 1 p. 453)]

Ibn al-Qayyim [رحمه الله] said: "The best times to sleep are at the beginning of the night and in the middle of the day." [Madārij as-Sālikīn (v. 1 p. 459)]

Ibn al-Qayyim [رحمه الله] said: "To achieve eight hours of sleep at night is good - not more." [Madārij as-Sālikīn (v. 1 p. 460)]

Ibn al-Qayyim [رحمه الله] said: "To sleep 8 hours during the night (4) and day (4) is best." [Zād al-Ma’ād (v. 1 p. 155)]

Raising the hands in the Extra Takbir of Salathul Eid and Salathul Janazah

بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

Raising the hands in the extra Takbir of Salathul Eid and Salathul Janazah

Manner of performing the Salähs of the two Ïds
For each Takbïr, he should raise his hand up to the level of his ears
Al- Fiqhul Muyyassar Volume 1

Raising hands during Eid prayer

Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds; and may His blessings and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad and upon all his Family and Companions.

The Hadith of Wail bin Hujr is reported by Imam Ahmad with the words: 'I observed the Prophet raising his hands with the Takbeer' . There is no mention that it was in Eid prayer. [ Sheikh al-Albani graded it as Hasan (good) in his book 'al-Irwaa'].

However, majority of Muslim scholars in past and present are of the opinion that raising hands with the extra Takbeer during the feast prayers is Sunnah and more proper.


روى أبو بكر الفريابي في أحكام العيدين(ص/182) ثنا صفوان ثنا الوليد –هو ابن مسلم- قال: قلت للأوزاعي : فأرفع يدي كرفعي في تكبيرة الصلاة ؟ قال: نعم ، ارفع يديك مع كلهن.
ثم قال: ثنا صفوان ثنا الوليد قال: سألت مالك بن أنس عن ذلك فقال: نعم ، ارفع يديك مع كل تكبيرة ، ولم أسمع فيه شيئاً.
وإسناده صحيح غاية ، وصفوان هو ابن صالح .

Imam al-Firyabi narrated many 'Aathar' from the grade ancestors proving this practice. One of those narration is that
Waleed bin Muslim said, 'I asked Anas bin Malik (Radiya Allahu anhu) about raising hands with the extra Takbeer during feast prayer. He said, raise your hands, I did not hear (from the Prophet) anything in this concern.'

The chain of this narration is sound.
Allah knows best.

Source: https://islamweb.net/en/fatwa/85633/
https://islamweb.net/en/fatwa/360367/

The Sunnah of raising the hands when saying takbeer in the janaazah (funeral) prayer

The Shaafa‘is and Hanbalis said that it is Sunnah to raise the hands with every takbeer. End quote.

Ibn al-Mundhir favoured the view that the hands should be raised with every takbeer. See al-Majmoo‘, 5/190

Shaykh Ibn Baaz (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The Sunnah is to raise the hands with all four takbeers, because it is proven that Ibn ‘Umar and Ibn ‘Abbaas used to raise their hands with all the takbeers. Ad-Daaraqutni narrated it in a marfoo‘ report from Ibn ‘Umar with a jayyid isnaad.

End quote from Majmoo‘ al-Fataawa, 13/148

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked: Which is better, to raise the hands or not raise them in the funeral prayer?

He replied: The correct view is that raising the hands with the takbeer in the funeral prayer is Sunnah with each of the takbeers, as was clearly narrated from Ibn ‘Umar. Such tawqeefi matters (i.e., matters that must be based on sound reports and cannot be subject to ijtihaad) can only be determined on the basis of a text. In fact it is narrated that the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) used to raise his hands with every takbeer.

End quote from Duroos wa Fataawa al-Haram al-Madani.

He also said: The correct view is that (the worshipper) should raise his hands with every takbeer, because that is narrated in a saheeh report from ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). With regard to the view of some, that it should be done only in the opening takbeer, this is the view of some of the scholars, but the correct view is that it should be done with every takbeer. End quote from Majmoo‘ al-Fataawa, 17/134

And Allah knows best.
Source::
1. https://islamqa.info/en/answers/154650/the-sunnah-of-raising-the-hands-when-saying-takbeer-in-the-janaazah-funeral-prayer

2. https://binbaz.org.sa/fatwas/11534/حكم-رفع-اليدين-في-تكبيرات-صلاتي-الجنازة-والعيدين

كتاب : سنن البيهقي الكبرى
باب رفع اليدين في تكبير العيد

5983 - أخبرنا محمد بن عبد الله الحافظ ثنا أبو النضر محمد بن محمد بن يوسف الفقيه وأبو الحسن أحمد بن محمد بن سلمة العنزي قالا ثنا عثمان بن سعيد الدارمي ثنا يزيد بن عبد ربه الحمصي ثنا بقية عن الزبيدي عن الزهري عن سالم بن عبد الله بن عمر عن بن عمر قال : كان النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم إذا قام إلى الصلاة رفع يديه حتى إذا كانتا حذو منكبيه ثم كبر وهما كذلك وركع وإذا أراد أن يرفع رفعهما حتى يكونا حذو منكبيه ثم قال سمع الله لمن حمده ثم يسجد ولا يرفع يديه في السجود ويرفعهما في كل تكبيرة يكبرها قبل الركوع حتى تنقضي صلاته
5984 - أخبرنا أبو عبد الله الحافظ ثنا أبو بكر بن إسحاق أنبأ بشر بن موسى ثنا أبو زكريا أنبأ بن لهيعة عن بكر بن سوادة : أن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه كان يرفع يديه مع كل تكبيرة في الجنازة والعيدين وهذا منقطع
5985 - ورواه الوليد بن مسلم عن بن لهيعة عن بكر بن سوادة عن أبي زرعة اللخمي أن عمر : فذكره في صلاة العيدين وروينا عن بن جريج عن عطاء أنه قال يرفع يديه في كل تكبيرة ثم يمكث هنيهة ثم يحمد الله ويصلي على النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم ثم يكبر يعني في العيد أخبرنا أبو بكر بن إبراهيم الأصبهاني أنبأ أبو نصر العراقي ثنا سفيان الجوهري ثنا علي بن الحسن ثنا عبد الله العدني عن سفيان عن بن جريج بذلك 43
http://www.islamicbook.ws/hadeth/snn-albihqi-alkbra-012.html

وبما روي عن عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه أنه كان يرفع يديه مع كل تكبيرة في الجنازة والعيدين[رواه البيهقي في الكبرى (3/293)] .
وبما روي عن ابن عمر كان يرفع يديه على كل تكبيرة من تكبيرات الجنائز [رواه البيهقي في الكبرى (4/44)] .
ووجه الدلالة هنا :
أنهم قاسوا تكبيرات العيد بتكبيرات الجنائز والمعروف في أصول الفقه :
((أن القياس الصحيح هو إلحاق فرع بأصل لعلة تجمع بينهما ، فمتى نص الشارع على مسألة ووصفها بوصف ، ثم وجد ذلك الوصف في مسألة أخرى لم ينص الشارع على عينها من غير فرقٍ بينها وبين المنصوص وجب إلحاقُها بها في حكمها ، لأن الشارع الحكيم لا يُفرق بين المتماثلات في أوصافها)) [رسالة لطيفة جامعة في أصول الفقه المهمة (ص22)] .
واستدلوا بما روي عن عطاء أنه كان يرفع يديه في كل تكبيرة ومن خلفه يرفعون أيديهم [مصنف ابن أبي شيبة (2/491) (11382) ] .
وممن اختار الرفع الإمام النووي [المجموع (5/26)] .
والجوزجاني [الأصل (1/33] .
وابن قدامة المقدسي [المغني (2/119)] .
وابن القيم [زاد المعاد (1/443)] .
والطحاوي [مختصر أخلاق الفقهاء (1/373)] .
واستحب ذلك سيد صادق [فقه السنة (1/319) ] .
والشيخ بن باز [التعليق على فتح الباري (3/266)] .
واللجنة الدائمة [فتاوى اللجنة الدائمة (10577)] .
والفوزان [الملخص الفقهي (ص214)] .
وجاء عن مالك بن أنس أنه قال \"أرفع يديك في كل تكبيرة\" [أحكام العيدين للفريابي(ص182)] .
وجاء عن يحيى بن معين أنه قال "أرى أن تُرفع الأيدي في كل تكبيرة" [سؤلات الدوري (3/464)] .
وقال ابن قدامة \"وجملته أنه يُستحبُ أن يرفع يديه\" [المغني (2/119)] .
وقال ابن القيم "وكان ابن عمر مع تحريه للإتباع يرفع يديه مع كل تكبيرة" [زاد المعاد (1/443)] .
وقال الشيخ بن باز عن حديث ابن عمر "ويكفي ذلك دليلاً على شرعية رفع اليدين" [التعليق على فتح الباري (3/190)] .
وقال أيضاً "ودلالة رفع اليدين في جميع التكبيرات كما رفع كما فعل عمر رضي الله عنه" [شرح منتقى الأخبار (1673)] .