بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
A Muslim should send ṣalāh upon the Prophet ﷺ any time, and all the time.
Why?
Related Āyāt:{Verily, Allāh sends salutations of praise upon the Prophet and His angels do as well. O you who believe, send ṣalāh upon him and salutations of peace} [33:56] Ibn Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The people who will be nearest to me on the Day of Resurrection will be those who supplicate Allah more often for me." [Jami` at-Tirmidhi 484] Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If any Muslim does not have anything to give as sadaqa, he should say in his supplication, 'O Allah, bless Muhammad, Your slave and Your Messenger and bless the believers, both men and women, and the Muslims, both men and women.' That will be sadaqa for him." [Al-Adab Al-Mufrad:640]
WHEN?
It is further emphasized to send Salawath upon him:1. Whenever his name is mentioned.
2. After the athān. 3. After Iqamah
4. On Friday before Jumu’ah salah.
5. After tashahhud in ṣalāh.
6. When entering and leaving the masjid.
7. In Du’ā, after praising Allāh.
8. In the Janāzah salah, after the 2nd takbīr.
1. When his name i.e. Muhammad ( ﷺ ) is mentioned
Ali bin Abi Talib narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “The stingy person is the one before whom I am mentioned, and he does not send Salat upon me.” https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi:3546Abu Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “May the man before whom I am mentioned - and he does not send Salat upon me - be humiliated. And may a man upon whom Ramadan enters and then passes, before he is forgiven, be humiliated. And may a man whose parents reached old age in his presence, and they were not a cause for his entrance to Paradise, be humiliated.” https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi:3545 and https://sunnah.com/adab:644
2. After the Athān
Abdullah b. Amr b. al-As reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:When you hear the Mu'adhdhin, repeat what he says, then invoke a blessing on me, for everyone who invokes a blessing on me will receive ten blessings from Allah; then beg from Allah al-Wasila for me, which is a rank in Paradise fitting for only one of Allah's servants, and I hope that I may be that one. If anyone who asks that I be given the Wasila, he will be assured of my intercession.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ الْمُرَادِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، عَنْ حَيْوَةَ، وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، وَغَيْرِهِمَا، عَنْ كَعْبِ بْنِ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ " إِذَا سَمِعْتُمُ الْمُؤَذِّنَ فَقُولُوا مِثْلَ مَا يَقُولُ ثُمَّ صَلُّوا عَلَىَّ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَىَّ صَلاَةً صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بِهَا عَشْرًا ثُمَّ سَلُوا اللَّهَ لِيَ الْوَسِيلَةَ فَإِنَّهَا مَنْزِلَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ لاَ تَنْبَغِي إِلاَّ لِعَبْدٍ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ وَأَرْجُو أَنْ أَكُونَ أَنَا هُوَ فَمَنْ سَأَلَ لِيَ الْوَسِيلَةَ حَلَّتْ لَهُ الشَّفَاعَةُ " (Sahih Muslim 384)
3. After Iqamah
Questioner: Regarding the du’aa for the adhaan, is it also legislated for the iqaamah?Al-Albaani: That is what is apparent from his statement ﷺ, “When you hear the mu’adhin, then say the same as him …” and in a hadith whose authenticity is well-known he made the iqaamah an adhaan, Narrated `Abdullah bin Mughaffal: The prophet said, "There is a prayer between the two Adhans (Adhan and Iqama), there is a prayer between the two Adhans." And then while saying it the third time he added, "For the one who wants to (pray).[Sahih al-Bukhari 627] so the iqaamah is an adhaan, the rulings of the adhaan apply to it from which is answering the mu’adhin [i.e., saying the same as him] and asking for the Waseelah for the Prophet ﷺ and sending salaah upon him ﷺ.
https://thealbaani.site/2014/08/14/is-the-duaa-for-the-adhaan-also-said-after-the-iqaamah/
4. On Friday before Jumu’ah salah.
Aws b. Aws reported the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying: Among the most excellent of your days is Friday; so invoke many blessings on me on that day, for your blessing will be submitted to me. They (the Companions) asked: Messenger of Allah, how can our blessings be submitted to you, when your body has decayed? He (ﷺ) said: Allah has prohibited the earth from consuming the bodies of Prophets. Sunan Abi Dawud 1531 Sahih (Al-Albani)5. After tashahhud in ṣalāh.
This is done by saying as-ṣalāh al-ibrāhīmiyyah. Ibn `Abbas reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to teach us tashahhud just as he used to teach us a Surah of the Qur'an, and he would say: All services rendered by words, acts of worship, and all good things are due to Allah. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and Allah's mercy and blessings. Peace be upon us and upon Allah's upright servants. I testify that there is no god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. In the narration of Ibn Rumh (the words are): "As he would teach us the Qur'an." [ Sahih Muslim 403a ]6. When entering and leaving the masjid
It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that: The Mesenger of Allah said: "When anyone of enters the mosque, let him send peace upon the Prophet, then let him say: 'Allahumma aftahli abwaba rahmatik (O Allah, open to me the gates of Your mercy).' And when he leaves, let him send peace upon the Prophet and say: 'Allahumma- simni minash-shaitanir-rajim (O Allah, protect me from the accursed Shaitan).'" [Sunan Ibn Majah:773 and Sunan Abi Dawud 465]7. In Du’ā, after praising Allāh.
The Prophet ﷺ said, “When any one of you have performed Salat (prayer) and wants to supplicate, let him praise Allah first then glorify Him in the beginning and then he should supplicate Allah for me. Then he may supplicate for whatever he likes.” [At-Tirmidhī:3477 and Abu Dawud:1481]8. In the Janāzah salah, after the 2nd takbīr.
Then you say Takbir and send blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) as one does at the end of the prayer.References:
https://madeenah.com/an-authentic-hadith-regarding-sending-salah-upon-the-prophet/
